top of page

常见的汉字部首 / Frequently-used Chinese Radical


常见的汉字部首 / Frequently-used Chinese Radical

你知道汉字的构成秘密吗?

许多部首源自象形符号:有的描绘自然万物(日、月、水),有的来自人体部位(目、手、心),还有的取材于动物形态工具器物居所建筑,甚至表达动作与抽象概念

这些小小的部首不仅是笔画——它们承载着历史、文化与逻辑,让汉字成为一门活的视觉叙事系统。

Ever wondered how Chinese characters are built?

Many originate from pictographic radicals: some depict nature (sun, moon, water), others come from human body parts (eye, hand, heart). There are radicals from animals, tools, dwellings, and even those expressing actions or abstract ideas.

These tiny components are more than just Chinese strokes—they carry history, culture, and logic, making Chinese writing a living system of visual storytelling.



一、自然与元素类 (Nature & Elements)


这类部首描绘了天地、自然和基本元素。

This type of Chinese radical depicts earth, nature, and fundamental elements.

No.

Radical

Meaning

Chinese Term

Example & Explanation

1

sun, day

日字旁

(bright: 日+月), (time)

2

moon, month

月字旁

(friend: 两个“月”并列), (period)

3

mountain

山字旁

(peak), (island)

4

water

三点水

(sea), (river), (flow)

5

火 (灬)

fire

火字旁/四点底

(flame), (hot), (cook)

6

earth, soil

提土旁

(ground), (city), (field)

7

stone

石字旁

(break), (grind/research), (stele)

8

air, steam

气字头

(oxygen), (hydrogen)

9

金 (钅)

metal, gold

金字旁/钅字旁

(iron), (silver), (money)

10

tree, wood

木字旁

(tree), (forest), (board)

11

grass, plant

草字头

(flower), (grass), (medicine)

12

rain

雨字头

(snow), (thunder), (fog)

13

wind

风字旁

(float), (soughing of wind)

14

field

田字旁

(man: 田+力,在田里出力的人), (draw)



二、人与人体类 (People & Body)


这类部首源自人体的各个部位。

This type of Chinese radical is derived from various parts of the human body.

No.

Radical

Meaning

Chinese Term

Example & Explanation

15

person

单人旁

(you), (plural), (do)

16

woman

女字旁

(mom), (good), (surname)

17

child

子字旁

(child), (learn), (grandson)

18

father

父字头

(dad), (grandpa)

19

母 (毋)

mother

母字旁

(every), (poison)

20

mouth, opening

口字旁

(eat), (call), (department)

21

心 (忄, ⺗)

heart

竖心旁/心字底

(think), (feel), (love: ⺗是“心”的变体)

22

eye

目字旁

(look), (eye), (mutual)

23

ear

耳字旁

(listen), (hear/smell), (clever)

24

手 (扌)

hand

提手旁

(hit), (take), (fist)

25

足 (⻊)

foot

足字旁

(run), (jump), (road)

26

肉 (月)

flesh, body part

肉月旁

(leg), (face), (have: 手持肉,表示拥有)



三、动物与生灵类 (Animals & Creatures)


这类部首来源于动物的形象。

This type of radical originates from the imagery of animals.

No.

Radical

Meaning

Chinese Term

Example & Explanation

27

dog, animal

反犬旁

(dog), (cat), (wolf)

28

insect, reptile

虫字旁

(snake), (butterfly), (ant)

29

bird

鸟字旁

(chicken), (duck), (goose)

30

fish

鱼字旁

(fresh), (carp), (shark)

31

horse

马字旁

(ride), (drive), (donkey)

32

牛 (牜)

cow, bovine

牛字旁/牜字旁

(thing: 本义是杂色牛), (special)



四、器物与建筑类 (Objects & Buildings)


这类部首源于人造物品、工具和居所。

This type of Chinese radical stems from human-made objects, tools, and dwellings.

No.

Radical

Meaning

Chinese Term

Example & Explanation

33

roof, house

宝盖头

(home), (safe),宿 (accommodate)

34

door, gate

门字框

(ask: 在门口询问), (between), (close)

35

silk, thread

绞丝旁

(red), (paper), (tie)

36

cart, vehicle

车字旁

(turn), (light), (measure word for vehicles)

37

boat

舟字旁

(ship), (navigate), (warship)

38

衣 (衤)

clothing

衣字旁/衤字旁

(clothes), (quilt), (beginning: 用刀裁衣是制衣的开始)

39

food, eat

食字旁

(meal), (full),饿 (hungry)

40

dish, container

皿字底

(basin), (box), (lid)

41

刀 (刂)

knife

立刀旁

(divide), (sharp), (leave)

42

bow

弓字旁

(open/stretch), (弹: bounce; 弹: bullet), (strong)

43

axe, weight unit

斤字旁

(new: 用斧砍木取新材), (break), (axe)

44

shell, money

贝字旁

(wealth), (buy), (expensive)

45

王 (玉)

jade, king

王字旁

(play), (pearl), (reason)



五、抽象概念类 (Abstract Concepts)


这类部首表达动作、状态或抽象观念。

This type of Chinese radical expresses actions, states, or abstract concepts.

No.

Radical

Meaning

Chinese Term

Example & Explanation

46

言 (讠)

speech, language

言字旁

(speak), (words), (recognize)

47

walk, run

走字旁

(rise), (exceed), (interest)

48

walk, move

走之旁

(pass), (return), (this)

49

illness

病字头

(sick), (pain), (thin)

50

示 (礻)

spirit, ritual

示字旁

(ritual), (blessing), (god)


Comments


bottom of page